Evolution Of Human Communication

Definition of Communication

• ·ommunication is sending and receiving information between two or more people.
• It maCnly stands on sharing common information, ideas and messages.
• The person sending the message is referred to as the sender, while the person receiving the information is called the receiver.

The word Communication came from ‘communicare’, which means to share.

History of Communication

Some of the oldest forms of human communication include making sounds, drawing or painting, dancing, acting, and using symbols.

The oldest known symbols created for the purpose of communication were cave paintings, a form of rock art, dating to the Upper Palaeolithic age. The oldest known cave painting is located within Chauvet Cave, around 30,000 BC.

The first cuneiform writing was developed by the Sumerians, while the Egyptians developed what is known as hieroglyphic writing.

The invention of papyrus, then — paper, and wax, as well as a printing press in 15th century made it possible to transfer the first documents, unlike stones which was not movable.

Cave Paintings

The oldest form of symbols used for communication is cave paintings. Cave paintings were created to mark a territory or to record events.  Around 30,000 B.C. the oldest cave painting was discovered inside Chauvet Cave in France. The oldest type of cave paintings are hand stencils and simple geometric shapes. Other earliest cave paintings were found in South Sulawesi, Indonesia and Romania. This cave painting is also known as parietal art. Ancient peoples decorated walls of protected caves with paint made from dirt or charcoal mixed with spit or animal fat.

Smoke Signals

Smoke signals are the oldest form of visual communication. Simplistic in design and execution. They were originally utilized in 200 BC to send messages along the Great Wall of China. In 150 BC, Greek Historian Polybius concocted an arrangement of smoke flag that were visual portrayals of the letters in order.

Alphabets

Were created by the Egyptians, in between 2700-2000BC. these are known as Hieroglyphs. They created 22 set of hieroglyphs to represent syllables and consonants to pronounce logograms. This Hieroglyphs also known as “The Language of the Gods”.

The Chinese invented paper. The Diamond Sutra, a Buddhist book from Dunhuang, China from around 868 A.D. during the Tang Dynasty, is said to be the oldest known printed book. Johann Gutenberg is perhaps the most important person to feature in the evolution of print. The very first book to be mass produced was ‘The Gutenberg Bible’. in 1455. The method used to do so was movable type and around 180 copies were printed.

Carrier Pigeons

As we as a whole know, pigeons are normally incredible with headings. Over 2,000 years ago, the ancient Romans used pigeons as primary messengers between military men. In the twelfth century, dispatcher pigeons were generally utilized. According to Naval chaplain Henry Teonge, merchants used pigeons as a “postal” service. They also played an important role in World Wars I and II.

Storytelling

Verbal communication is one of the earliest forms of human communication. Verbal communication was never bound to one explicit territory, rather, it had and keeps on being an all-around shared custom of communication. People communicated through song, poems, and chants etc.

Postal system

Postal frameworks were additionally composed in Persia, China, India, and Rome previously. Then again, it was distinctly in 1653 when Frenchman, De Valayer began a postal framework in Paris which included the utilization of letter boxes and conveyance of paid envelopes.” The Pony Express” could deliver a letter faster than ever before … more than 1800 miles in 10 days.

Newspaper

In 1440, German Johannes Gutenberg built up the printing press framework which fundamentally changed correspondence forever. The German-language publication of in Strasbourg in 1605 was the first newspaper. The first English-language newspaper was published in Amsterdam in 1620. First Indian Newspaper was Hickey’s ‘Bengal Gazette’. It was the first major newspaper in India, started in 1780, published from Kolkata (then Calcutta). The history of telecommunication – the transmission of signals over a distance for the purpose of communication – began thousands of years ago with the use of smoke signals and drums in Africa, America and parts of Asia. In the 1790s the first fixed semaphore systems emerged in Europe however it was not until the 1830s that electrical telecommunication systems started to appear.

Radio

After print media thrived, radio pursued. During the 1830s, different researchers, for example, Maxwell and Hughes examined on remote telecommunication which built up of electromagnetism. In 1888, Heinrich Rudolf Hertz discovered “Hertzian waves”, named after him. In 1893, Tesla started using wireless power as a form of transmitting content. In the early 20th century, radio broadcasting began..

On 23 July 1927, the private Indian Broadcasting Company Ltd (IBC) was authorized to operate two radio stations: the Bombay station which began on 23 July 1927, and the Calcutta station which followed on 26 August 1927.

Telegram

Broadcast correspondence began after Samuel Morse designed the Morse code which encoded the ISO fundamental Latin letters in order. The Morse code transmitted messages through arrangement of snaps, tones, and lights, In 1830.

A telegraph message sent by an electrical telegraph operator or telegrapher using Morse code (or a printing telegraph operator using plain text) was known as a telegram.

Telephone

The telecommunication was promptly supplanted by the phone. It was designed by Scottish Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. The phone demonstration is a media transmission gadget that converts human audio signals to electronic signals which are transmitted via cabless.

Fiber Optics

The basic operation of the phone is to change sound waves to electrical waves and back again to sound waves.